АННОТАЦИЯ
A brief review of studies that considers the issues of cognitive performance allows us to identify two sets of data, some studies confirm the Neural Efficiency Hypothesis (NEH), others testify in favor of the Efficiency Paradox Hypothesis. We assumed that the possible reasons for the controversial outcomes could be not only in the task complexity, but also the heterogeneity of the samples. Therefore, we compared the effectiveness of inductive reasoning in samples that are homogeneous according (1) sex, (2) age, as well as the (3) speed and accuracy of solving elementary logical problems. The study involved 251 respondents aged 13 to 27 years (M/F = 118/133, mean age 15.64±2.65 years). Behavioral and EEG data were collected. Significant differences in the performance of elementary logical operations between female and male were not found. However, the values of EEG Power Spectrum in female were significantly higher than in male. The neuro-efficiency hypothesis was confirmed only in the group of “slow” responders. Ceteris paribus, the fast persons expend more energy than the slow ones, the accurate people more than the inaccurate ones, women compared to men.
ЦИТАТА
Dokuchaev, D.A. Inductive Reasoning and Neural Efficiency / D.A. Dokuchaev, N.E. Volkova // Natural Systems of Mind. – 2021. – Т. 1. – № 2. – P. 53-78
